EVE-NG Cisco IOS 설치

오늘은 EVE-NG에 Cisco IOS(Dynamips images)을 설치하는 방법을 공유하려고 합니다.

[ 작성 기준 ]
VMware Workstation Pro 17.0.0
EVE-NG Community Vertion 6.2.0-4

먼저 설치하려는 Cisco IOS(Dynamips images) OS를 구글에 검색하여 파일을 다운로드해야 합니다.

1. EVE-NG Cisco IOS(Dynamips images) 설치

https://www.eve-ng.net/index.php/documentation/howtos/howto-add-cisco-dynamips-images-cisco-ios/

Cisco Dynamips images (Cisco IOS) -

Versions this guide is based on: EVE Image Name Downloaded Filename Version vRAM Idle PC c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.bin C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M 12.4(23) 96 0x80369ac4 c3725-adventerprisek9-mz.124-15.T14.image c3725-adventerprise

www.eve-ng.net

필자는 위 사이트를 참고하여 설치하였다.
아래에 쉽게 설명하였으니 따라오면 문제없이 Cisco IOS(Dynamips images) OS를 설치할 수 있다고 생각한다.

1) EVE-NG booting

먼저 EVE-NG를 부팅한다.

2) Cisco IOS OS upload

root@eve-ng:~# mkdir abc
root@eve-ng:~# cd abc
root@eve-ng:~/abc# ls -la
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 24 02:25 .
drwx------ 7 root root 4096 Aug 24 02:25 ..
root@eve-ng:~/abc#

'/root' 경로에서 'abc'라는 임시 Directory를 생성한다.

FTP를 사용할 수 있는 프로그램을 실행한다.
위에서 생성한 'abc' Directory에 Cisco IOS(Dynamips images) OS 파일을 복사한다.

root@eve-ng:~# cd abc/
root@eve-ng:~/abc# ls -la
total 13984
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 Aug 24 03:05 .
drwx------ 7 root root     4096 Aug 24 03:04 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14309808 Aug 24 03:05 c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.bin
root@eve-ng:~/abc#

3) Cisco IOS OS 압축 해제

root@eve-ng:~/abc# unzip -p c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.bin > c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image 
warning [c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.bin]:  18864 extra bytes at beginning or within zipfile
  (attempting to process anyway)
root@eve-ng:~/abc#

'unzip' 명령어를 통해 압축을 푼다.

root@eve-ng:~/abc# ls -la
total 50648
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 Aug 24 03:05 .
drwx------ 7 root root     4096 Aug 24 03:04 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14309808 Aug 24 03:05 c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.bin
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37540240 Aug 24 03:05 c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image
root@eve-ng:~/abc#

4) Cisco IOS image name change

root@eve-ng:~/abc# mv c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image /opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/
root@eve-ng:~/abc# cd /opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/
root@eve-ng:/opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips# ls -la
total 36672
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root     4096 Aug 24 03:06 .
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root     4096 Aug 23 21:21 ..
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 37540240 Aug 24 03:05 c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image
root@eve-ng:/opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips#

IOS image를 정해진 경로인 '/opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/' Directory로 이동한다.

5) Remove abc directory and fix permissions

root@eve-ng:~# rm -rf abc
root@eve-ng:~# /opt/unetlab/wrappers/unl_wrapper -a fixpermissions

root@eve-ng:~#

임시로 생성했던 'abc' Directory를 제거한다.
권한을 수정한다.

6) Cisco IOS 'idle pc' value extraction

root@eve-ng:~# dynamips -P 1700 -t 1710 /opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image

위 명령어로 IOS image를 구동시킨다.

본인이 가지고 있는 IOS image name에 맞게 입력한다.

아래 로그는 IOS image가 구동되는 과정이다.

root@eve-ng:~# dynamips -P 1700 -t 1710 /opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image
Cisco Router Simulation Platform (version 0.2.23-amd64/Linux stable)
Copyright (c) 2005-2011 Christophe Fillot.
Build date: Nov 25 2016 21:35:03

IOS image file: /opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image

ILT: loaded table "mips64j" from cache.
ILT: loaded table "mips64e" from cache.
ILT: loaded table "ppc32j" from cache.
ILT: loaded table "ppc32e" from cache.
CPU0: carved JIT exec zone of 64 Mb into 2048 pages of 32 Kb.
C1700 instance 'default' (id 0):
  VM Status  : 0
  RAM size   : 64 Mb
  NVRAM size : 32 Kb
  IOS image  : /opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image

Loading BAT registers
Loading ELF file '/opt/unetlab/addons/dynamips/c1710-bk9no3r2sy-mz.124-23.image'...
ELF entry point: 0x80008000

C1700 'default': starting simulation (CPU0 IA=0xfff00100), JIT enabled.
ROMMON emulation microcode.

Launching IOS image at 0x80008000...


Smart Init is disabled. IOMEM set to: 15



PMem allocated: 57042944 bytes; IOMem allocated: 10065920 bytes

              Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

           cisco Systems, Inc.
           170 West Tasman Drive
           San Jose, California 95134-1706



Cisco IOS Software, C1700 Software (C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 08-Nov-08 18:44 by prod_rel_team


This product contains cryptographic features and is subject to United
States and local country laws governing import, export, transfer and
use. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not imply
third-party authority to import, export, distribute or use encryption.
Importers, exporters, distributors and users are responsible for
compliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product you
agree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unable
to comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately.

A summary of U.S. laws governing Cisco cryptographic products may be found at:
http://www.cisco.com/wwl/export/crypto/tool/stqrg.html

If you require further assistance please contact us by sending email to
export@cisco.com.

Cisco 1710 (MPC860T) processor (revision 0x202) with 55706K/9830K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FTX0945W0MY (4279256517), with hardware revision 0000
MPC860T processor: part number 0, mask 0
1 Ethernet interface
1 FastEthernet interface
32K bytes of NVRAM.
4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)


         --- System Configuration Dialog ---

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no


Press RETURN to get started!


*Mar  1 00:00:02.239: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:02.255: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:03.239: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:03.255: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:11.235: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to down
*Mar  1 00:09:37.467: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --
Cisco IOS Software, C1700 Software (C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 08-Nov-08 18:44 by prod_rel_team
*Mar  1 00:09:37.475: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host Router is undergoing a cold start
*Mar  1 00:09:38.083: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to administratively down
*Mar  1 00:09:38.087: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to administratively down
*Mar  1 00:09:39.083: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to down
Router>

Router>
Please wait while gathering statistics...
Done. Suggested idling PC:
   0x8033001c (count=22)
   0x80369ac4 (count=26)
   0x8023afac (count=30)
   0x8023b008 (count=22)
   0x8023b03c (count=26)
   0x8023b050 (count=20)
   0x803637a0 (count=37)
   0x80363984 (count=23)
   0x80363ccc (count=26)
   0x80363d48 (count=26)
Restart the emulator with "--idle-pc=0x8033001c" (for example)

Router>

IOS의 최적의 idle-pc 값을 사용해야 CPU의 리소스 부화 없이 사용할 수 있다.
'ctrl + ]'를 누른 후 'i'를 입력하면 최적의 idle-pc 값을 계산한다.
위 idle-pc 값 중에서 'count' 수가 가장 높은 값이 최적의 idle-pc 값이다.

root@eve-ng:~# top
top - 02:59:43 up 2 min,  3 users,  load average: 1.14, 0.79, 0.33
Tasks: 371 total,   1 running, 369 sleeping,   1 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  8.4 us,  0.2 sy,  0.0 ni, 91.1 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.3 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :  32053.8 total,  30057.7 free,   1282.2 used,    713.9 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   7819.0 total,   7819.0 free,      0.0 used.  30319.9 avail Mem 

    PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                         
   2583 root      20   0  336800 127768 112256 S 100.7   0.4   1:49.55 dynamips                        
     10 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:00.03 kworker/0:1-mm_percpu_wq        
    117 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:00.15 kworker/9:1-events              
    254 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.3   0.0   0:00.06 kworker/9:1H-kblockd            
   1999 mysql     20   0 2375840 410640  36224 S   0.3   1.3   0:04.40 mysqld                          
   2932 root      20   0   10752   4224   3328 R   0.3   0.0   0:00.02 top                             
      1 root      20   0  166724  11672   8392 S   0.0   0.0   0:02.50 systemd                         
      2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.06 kthreadd                        
      3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 pool_workqueue_release          
      4 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-rcu_g                 
      5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-rcu_p                 
      6 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-slub_                 
      7 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-netns                 
      8 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:0-events              
      9 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri     
     11 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.01 kworker/u256:0-ext4-rsv-convers+
     12 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-mm_pe                 
     13 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_tasks_kthread

EVE-NG에서 'top' 명령어로 CPU 점유율을 확인하면 엄청나게 사용하는 것을 확인할 수 있다.

Router>
Please wait while gathering statistics...
Done. Suggested idling PC:
   0x8033001c (count=22)
   0x80369ac4 (count=26)
   0x8023afac (count=30)
   0x8023b008 (count=22)
   0x8023b03c (count=26)
   0x8023b050 (count=20)
   0x803637a0 (count=37)
   0x80363984 (count=23)
   0x80363ccc (count=26)
   0x80363d48 (count=26)
Restart the emulator with "--idle-pc=0x8033001c" (for example)

Router>
Router>Shutdown in progress...
Shutdown completed.
root@eve-ng:~#

'ctrl + ]'를 누른 후 'q' 입력으로 빠져나온다.

7) Cisco IOS booting

Web을 이용하여 EVE-NG로 접속하면 'Cisco IOS 1710 (Dynamips)'가 추가되어 있다.

업로드한 Image가 있는지 확인한다.
'idle pc' 값은 위에서 확인 한 값으로 기재한다.

아래 로그는 Cisco IOS가 부팅되는 과정이다.

Connected to Dynamips VM "1710" (ID 1, type c1700) - Console port
Press ENTER to get the prompt.
ROMMON emulation microcode.

                           Launching IOS image at 0x80008000...


Smart Init is disabled. IOMEM set to: 15



PMem allocated: 85564416 bytes; IOMem allocated: 15098880 bytes

              Restricted Rights Legend

Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph
(c) of the Commercial Computer Software - Restricted
Rights clause at FAR sec. 52.227-19 and subparagraph
(c) (1) (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer
Software clause at DFARS sec. 252.227-7013.

           cisco Systems, Inc.
           170 West Tasman Drive
           San Jose, California 95134-1706



Cisco IOS Software, C1700 Software (C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 08-Nov-08 18:44 by prod_rel_team


This product contains cryptographic features and is subject to United
States and local country laws governing import, export, transfer and
use. Delivery of Cisco cryptographic products does not imply
third-party authority to import, export, distribute or use encryption.
Importers, exporters, distributors and users are responsible for
compliance with U.S. and local country laws. By using this product you
agree to comply with applicable laws and regulations. If you are unable
to comply with U.S. and local laws, return this product immediately.

A summary of U.S. laws governing Cisco cryptographic products may be found at:
http://www.cisco.com/wwl/export/crypto/tool/stqrg.html

If you require further assistance please contact us by sending email to
export@cisco.com.

Cisco 1710 (MPC860T) processor (revision 0x202) with 83559K/14745K bytes of memory.
Processor board ID FTX0945W0MY (4279256517), with hardware revision 0000
MPC860T processor: part number 0, mask 0
1 Ethernet interface
1 FastEthernet interface
128K bytes of NVRAM.
4096K bytes of processor board System flash (Read/Write)


         --- System Configuration Dialog ---

Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no


Press RETURN to get started!


*Mar  1 00:00:02.239: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:02.251: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:03.239: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:03.251: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
*Mar  1 00:00:07.203: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted --
Cisco IOS Software, C1700 Software (C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 08-Nov-08 18:44 by prod_rel_team
*Mar  1 00:00:07.211: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host Router is undergoing a cold start
*Mar  1 00:00:09.019: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to administratively down
*Mar  1 00:00:09.023: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to administratively down
*Mar  1 00:00:10.019: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed state to down
*Mar  1 00:00:10.023: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0, changed state to down
Router>

Router>enable 
Router#show version 
Cisco IOS Software, C1700 Software (C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2008 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Sat 08-Nov-08 18:44 by prod_rel_team

ROM: ROMMON Emulation Microcode
ROM: C1700 Software (C1710-BK9NO3R2SY-M), Version 12.4(23), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)

~~~ 생략 ~~~

Cisco IOS는 기본 계정이 없다.
Version 확인

root@eve-ng:~# top
top - 04:31:30 up  1:34,  3 users,  load average: 0.15, 0.17, 0.17
Tasks: 332 total,   1 running, 329 sleeping,   2 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  1.0 sy,  0.0 ni, 98.5 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.5 si,  0.0 st
MiB Mem :  32053.8 total,  29443.1 free,   1625.8 used,    984.9 buff/cache
MiB Swap:   7819.0 total,   7819.0 free,      0.0 used.  29745.0 avail Mem 

    PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU  %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND                         
   3648 root      20   0  374184 127508  61824 S   6.2   0.4   2:48.68 dynamips                        
   3725 root      20   0  374184 127592  61952 S   6.2   0.4   2:47.06 dynamips                        
  48035 root      20   0   10752   4224   3328 R   6.2   0.0   0:00.01 top                             
      1 root      20   0  166724  11672   8392 S   0.0   0.0   0:02.56 systemd                         
      2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.06 kthreadd                        
      3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 pool_workqueue_release          
      4 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-rcu_g                 
      5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-rcu_p                 
      6 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-slub_                 
      7 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-netns                 
      9 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri     
     10 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:01.72 kworker/0:1-events              
     11 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.04 kworker/u256:0-ext4-rsv-convers+
     12 root       0 -20       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 kworker/R-mm_pe                 
     13 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_tasks_kthread               
     14 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_tasks_rude_kthread          
     15 root      20   0       0      0      0 I   0.0   0.0   0:00.00 rcu_tasks_trace_kthread         
     16 root      20   0       0      0      0 S   0.0   0.0   0:00.09 ksoftirqd/0

Node 추가 시, 'idle pc' 값을 기재하여 CPU 사용률이 낮아진 것을 알 수 있다.

저작자표시 비영리 변경금지 (새창열림)

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1. EVE-NG Cisco IOS(Dynamips images) 설치

1) EVE-NG booting

2) Cisco IOS OS upload

3) Cisco IOS OS 압축 해제

4) Cisco IOS image name change

5) Remove abc directory and fix permissions

6) Cisco IOS 'idle pc' value extraction

7) Cisco IOS booting

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